We can work on WHO (world health organization} webpage

NB: on WHO (world health organisation} webpage you can find information about St Lucia health care and referencing pages for information include below in the WHO document. HOWEVER literature review should include more recent articles from 2015 and up

Topic: Outbound Logistics of Medication in Privately Owned Pharmacies in St Lucia

Research Method: Qualitative (Questionnaire)
Interpretivism (Focus Group)
Inductive (Observation – Pattern – Tentative Hypothesis – Theory)

Aim: Why? – To learn the logisitics in select privately owned pharmacies in St Lucia.
What am i trying to prove? – Whether private pharmacies carry all essential medications and follow protocol regarding storage and disposal practices.
Will it be of any use? – Private pharmacies and Ministry of Health
(See below for indepth aim)

Research Questions focus points:

1)Obtaining continuous supply and availability of essential medicines;

What are the essential medications that you required to carry? (Most important part of this         focus: List will be provided to pharmacists to tick off) What is your procurement process? Do you order from foreign manufacturers, distributors or wholesalers? What is your lead time when procuring? What are the factors which affects lead time? How is medication transported?  Do you have a minimum order quantity for all medications? How often do you restock or purchase? Do you experience shortage of supplies? What is the challenge when you experience shortage of suppliers?;     Is it because of over stock in an item?     Is it a new item release?     Is continuous supply a challenge?     Is lack of capital an issue? What is the major reason that affects product outages? Is there a seasonality for essential medications? Do you carry a generic substitute for essential medications?     Is client inability to pay a challenge? What's the percentage of stock is generic? What percentage of stock is name brand? What's the percentage of sales for generic as opposed to name brand? Do you fulfill special order requests if you're out of an item or do you loose the sale? Does loss of sale for a prescription fulfillment affect customer relations long term? What is the customer age range for majority of sales? What drives sales?;      Over-the-counter?     Prescription? Is competition a challenge?

2)Storage and inventory store management;

Is your inventory system automated or manual? How do you store inventory? What is the storeroom temparutes? Do you keep a data log for temperatures? Who has access to storeroom? Is are clearly marked authorized personnel only sign? Is it locked? Do you have cameras in storeroom? Do you practice FEFO - First expire first out Is there a system to track damage or expired goods? Is there a computer to fulfill prescriptions? How are items labelled? Are stock reconciliations conducted?      If yes, how often? When an item is defected what is the procedure? When an item is damaged during shipment what is the procedure? Do you have a fire extinguisher ? Do you have an appropriate space for condemned inventory? Do you have an appropriate space for disposal items? Do you have an appropriate space for recalled and quarantined inventory? Are you contracted with pest control agents? Is there a written guideline for pest control agents to execute duties?  Is there a specific area for hazardous substances presenting special risks of abuse, fire or explosion 

3)Disposal methods and practices;

How do you dispose? Who conducts disposal?     Is it conducted by the pharmacy?     Is it done by an third party on your behalf?     Does the government assist? Do patients return expired goods? What is the general reason for expired inventory?     No demand for product?      Received item near expiry?      Change in prescribing pattern from doctors?     New product on the market?     Overstock in item? Do you practise reverse logistics; Do you return expired medication to suppliers?  Do you return damaged/quality defected medication to suppliers? Do you receive expired medication from patients? Do you receive damaged/quality defected medication? Do you receive unused medicines from patients? Are you willing to collect expired medication? Are you willing to collect damaged medication? Are you willing to collect unused medication?  Do you have expired/damaged product currently? Are you required to report expired medication?     If yes, to whom? Have you disposed expired/damaged product before? Is disposal a challenge?

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Text see of this paper: This page of the article has 2111 words. Download the full form above. The United States is home to probably the most famous and productive chronic executioners ever. Names, for example, Ted Bundy, Gary Ridgeway, and the Zodiac Killer have become easily recognized names because of the terrible idea of their violations. Quite possibly the most productive chronic executioners in American history is John Wayne Gacy. Nicknamed the Killer Clown due to his calling, Gacy assaulted and killed at any rate 33 teen young men and youngsters somewhere in the range of 1972 and 1978, which is one of the most noteworthy realized casualty tallies. Gacy’s story has become so notable that his wrongdoings have been highlighted in mainstream society and TV shows, for example, American Horror Story: Hotel and Criminal Minds. Legal science has, and proceeds to, assume a significant part in the addressing of the case and recognizable proof of the people in question. John Wayne Gacy’s set of experiences of sexual and psychological mistreatment was instrumental in provoking examiner’s curiosity of him as a suspect. John Wayne Gacy was brought into the world on March 17, 1942, in Chicago, Illinois. Being the solitary child out of three kids, Gacy had a stressed relationship with his dad, who drank intensely and was regularly oppressive towards the whole family (Sullivan and Maiken 48). In 1949, a worker for hire, who was a family companion, would caress Gacy during rides in his truck; in any case, Gacy never uncovered these experiences to his folks inspired by a paranoid fear of reprisal from his dad (Foreman 54). His dad’s mental maltreatment proceeded into his young grown-up years, and Gacy moved to Las Vegas where he worked momentarily in the emergency vehicle administration prior to turning into a funeral home specialist (Sullivan and Maiken 50). As a funeral home specialist, Gacy was intensely engaged with the treating cycle and conceded that one night, he moved into the casket of an expired teen kid and stroked the body (Cahill and Ewing 46). Stunned at himself, Gacy gets back to Chicago to live with his family and graduates from Northwestern Business College in 1963, and acknowledges an administration student position with Nunn-Bush Shoe Company. In 1964, Gacy is moved to Springfield and meets his future spouse, Marlynn Myers. In Springfield, Gacy has his subsequent gay experience when an associate unsteadily performed oral sex on him (London 11:7). Gacy moves to Waterloo, Iowa, and starts a family with Myers. In any case, after routinely undermining his better half with whores, Gacy submits his previously known rape in 1967 upon Donald Vorhees. In the coming months, Gacy explicitly mishandles a few different young people and is captured and accused of oral homosexuality (Sullivan and Maiken 60). On December 3, 1968, Gacy is indicted and condemned to ten years at the Anamosa State Penitentiary. Gacy turns into a model detainee at Anamosa and is allowed parole in June of 1970, an only a short time after his condemning. He had to move to Chicago and live with his mom and notice a 10:00PM check in time. Not exactly a year later, Gacy is accused again of explicitly attacking a high school kid however the adolescent didn’t show up in court, so the charges were dropped. Gacy was known by numerous individuals locally to be a devoted volunteer and being dynamic in local area governmental issues. His part as “Pogo the Clown” the jokester started in 1975 when Gacy joined a neighborhood “Jaunty Joker” comedian club that routinely performed at gathering pledges occasions. On January 3, 1972, Gacy submits his first homicide of Timothy McCoy, a 16-year old kid making a trip from Michigan to Omaha. Guaranteeing that McCoy went into his room employing a kitchen blade, Gacy gets into an actual squabble with McCoy prior to wounding him consistently in the chest. Subsequent to understanding that McCoy had absentmindedly strolled into the live with the blade while attempting to plan breakfast, Gacy covers the body in his unfinished plumbing space. Gacy conceded in the meetings following his capture that executing McCoy gave him a “mind-desensitizing climax”, expressing that this homicide was the point at which he “understood demise was a definitive rush” (Cahill and Ewing 349). Just about 2 years after the fact, Gacy submits his second homicide of a unidentified teen. Gacy choked the kid prior to stuffing the body in his storeroom prior to covering him (Cahill 349). In 1975, Gacy’s business was developing rapidly and his hunger for youngsters developed with it. Gacy frequently attracted young fellows under his work to his home, persuading them to place themselves in cuffs, and assaulting and tormenting them prior to choking them (Cahill 169-170). A large portion of Gacy’s killings occurred somewhere in the range of 1976 and 1978, the first of this time occurring in April 1976. A considerable lot of the adolescents that were killed during this time were covered in an unfinished plumbing space under Gacy’s home. For the rest of the homicides, Gacy confessed to losing five bodies the I-55 scaffold into the Des Plaines River; notwithstanding, just four of the bodies were ever recuperated (Linedecker 152). In December 1978, Gacy meets Robert Jerome Piest, a 15-year old kid working at a drug store and offers him a task at Gacy’s firm. Piest illuminates his mom regarding this and neglects to restore that night. The Piest family documents a missing individual’s report and the drug specialist advises police that Gacy would doubtlessly be the man that Jerome addressed about a task. When addressed by the police, Gacy denied any association in Piest’s vanishing. Be that as it may, the police were not persuaded, and Gacy’s set of experiences of sexual maltreatment and battery incited the police to look through his home. Among the things found at Gacy’s home were a 1975 secondary school class ring with the initials J.A.S., numerous driver’s licenses, binds, attire that was excessively little for Gacy, and a receipt for the drug store that Piest had worked at. Throughout the following not many days, examiners got various calls and tips about Gacy’s rapes and the baffling vanishings of Gacy’s representatives. The class ring was at last followed back to John A. Szyc, one of Gacy’s casualties in 1977. Futhermore, after inspecting Gacy’s vehicle, specialists found a little bunch of strands looking like human hair, which were shipped off the labs for additional examination. That very night, search canines were utilized to distinguish any hint of Piest in Gacy’s vehicle, and one of the canines showed that Piest had, indeed, been available in the vehicle. On December 20, 1977, under the pressure of consistent police observation and examination, Gacy admits to more than 30 killings and advises his legal counselor and companion where the bodies were covered, both in the unfinished plumbing space and the waterway. 26 casualties were found in the unfinished plumbing space and 4 in the waterway. Gacy is captured, indicted for 33 homicides, and condemned to death by deadly infusion. He endeavored a craziness supplication however was denied, and was executed on May 10, 1994. There were a few measurable markers that examiners used to attach Gacy to the killings. A portion of these include fiber investigation, dental and radiology records, utilizing the deterioration interaction of the human body, and facial recreation in distinguishing the people in question. Specialists discovered filaments that looked like human hair in both Gacy’s vehicle and close to the unfinished plumbing space where the bodies were covered. Notwithstanding these hair tests, agents likewise discovered filaments that contained hints of Gacy’s blood and semen in a similar region. Blood having a place with the casualties was found on a portion of the filaments, which would later straightforwardly attach Gacy to the violations. The strands in Gacy’s vehicle were dissected by legal researchers and coordinated Piest’s hair tests. Moreover, the pursuit canines that established that Piest had been in Gacy’s vehicle demonstrated this by a “demise response”, which told agents that Piest’s dead body had been within Gacy’s vehicle. Out of Gacy’s 33 known casualties, just 25 were ever convincingly recognized. A considerable lot of Gacy’s casualties had comparative actual depictions and were subsequently difficult to recognize by absolutely asking people in general. To recognize the people in question, specialists went to Betty Pat Gatliff, a pioneer in measurable science and facial recreation. Facial reproduction is the way toward reproducing the facial highlights of a person by utilizing their remaining parts. Certain facial highlights, for example, facial structures, nasal design, and generally speaking face shape can be helpful in recognizing a casualty even long in the afterlife. By utilizing these highlights, and with the assistance of program, measurable specialists can make a picture of an individual’s face, which is instrumental in distinguishing casualties after their bodies have rotted. Facial reproduction should be possible in a few measurements. Two-dimensional facial recreations is utilized with skull radiographs and depend on pre-demise photos and data. Be that as it may, this isn’t really ideal in light of the fact that cranial highlights are not generally noticeable or at the correct scale (Downing). To get a sensible and more exact portrayal of the casualty’s face, a craftsman and a criminological anthropologist are generally vital (Downing). Three-dimensional facial reproduction is finished by figures or high goal, three-dimensional pictures. PC programs can make facial reproductions by controlling checked photos of the remaining parts and use approximations to reproduce facial highlights. These will in general deliver results that don’t look counterfeit (Reichs and Craig 491). Here and there, agents will utilize a strategy called superimposition as a method for facial reproduction. Sadly, it’s anything but a regularly utilized technique, as it expects specialists to have some information about the character of the remaining parts they are managing. By superimposing a photo of a person over the skeletal remaining parts, agents can check whether the facial highlights line up with the anatomical highlights, permitting them to recognize a casualty. On account of John Wayne Gacy’s casualties, specialists had the option to utilize facial remaking to recognize nine of the bodies found in the unfinished plumbing space. The accompanying realistic shows the facial recon>

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