Social economic exchange and resilience

Social economic exchange and resilience in Northwestern North America

Turner, N. J. (2016). “€œWe give them seaweed”€: Social economic exchange and resilience in Northwestern North America. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge, 15(1), 5 – 15. Retrieved from http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/33546

Question 1: In your own words, what are the 3 most important concepts, ideas or issues in the reading? Briefly explain why you chose them.

Concept 1 (In your own words) (2 marks)

Concept 2(In your own words) (2 marks)

Concept 3(In your own words) (2 marks)

Question2:What is the main economic story of the reading? (Economics studies the allocation of scarce resources.)
Story (In your own words) (2 marks)

QUESTION3:(3 marks) The Canadian government has often limited Indigenous hunting and fishing to a small, subsistence scale: “that which could be consumed by the fisher [or hunter] and his or her family” (Douglas Harris, quoted in First Nations Studies Program (2009)). Based on what you learned from reading the article, is small-scale ‘food fishing/hunting’ of this type enough to preserve Indigenous cultures and traditional ways of life? Explain your reasoning.

QUESTION 4: [Research][Group Discussion Question] In December of 1854, several tribes near Nanaimo signed a very unusual treaty with the Hudson’s Bay Company, who at the time had control of Vancouver Island. At least since 1964, this brief agreement has been interpreted by Canadian courts as having the force of a Treaty negotiated directly with the Queen. The Nanaimo treaty signed away tribal rights to land in exchange for a one-time payment of European goods, the preservation of traditional hunting and fishing rights, and the right for them and their descendants to continue to make use of their villages.

In this question, you and your group (and ONLY your group!) will try to answer a seemingly simple question: was the treaty fair?

You must base your answer on the sources provided in the Appendix to this assignment (though you are, of course, free to do additional research): oral histories of the Indigenous point of view taken down in 1933, the public treaties as officially recorded in 1854, and letters between the Hudson Bay Company’s James Douglas and the British Colonial Office, which were meant to be kept secret.

The definition of fairness will be based on the four criteria suggested by ‘The Governor’s Letters Teacher’s Guide’, a treaty analysis activity recommended for grades 9 – 12.

I. “Free authorized consent: Negotiations are fair only if one party is not unduly pressured by the other party to make a deal and that both parties have authority to enter into the agreement.”

II. “No significant intentional deception: Negotiations are unfair if one party intentionally tries to deceive or trick the other party about very important matters in the agreement.”

III. “Fundamental understanding: Negotiations are unfair if one party suspects that the other party may be grossly confused or ill-informed about the terms of the agreement, and does not make a sincere attempt to clarify the confusion.”

IV. “Reasonable value under the circumstances: Although one side may benefit more than another, especially if one party is desperate to sell, the value of the exchange must not be grossly lopsided from the outset in favour of one of the parties.”

When answering the following questions, please rate the fairness on the following scale (taken from a worksheet that accompanies the Teacher’s Guide):

4 – Very fair
3 – Mostly fair
2 – Mostly unfair
1 – Very unfair
0 – Can’t tell
Note: When you justify your reasoning, be sure to refer to specific evidence from the sources provided. (e.g. “It is clear that Douglas thought the coal was valuable as early as 1852, because in his letter of 11 November 1852 he wrote that the ‘prosperity of the country’ depended in great measure on it.”)

a. (5 marks) Criteria I & II: Free Authorized Consent & No Significant Intentional Deception

Fairness (0 to 4): __

Justify your reasoning:

Sample Solution

 

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