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You are provided with the following description of the accounting system and internal controls for materials purchases by the Johnson Machinery Company, a medium-sized firm that builds special machinery to order: Materials purchase requisitions are first approved by the plant foreman, who then sends them to the purchasing department. Purchasing department employees enter the purchase requisition information into the computer, which automatically generates a purchase order in sequential order. The system automatically generates an electronic copy of the purchase order, which is sent by purchasing department employees to the vendor. The receiving department electronically accesses a copy of the purchase order, which is printed to serve as a receiving report. Delivered materials are immediately sent to the storeroom. The completed receiving report, which is a printed copy of the purchase order, is sent to the purchasing department. A copy of the receiving report is sent to the storeroom. Materials are issued to factory employees subsequent to the verbal request by one of the foremen. When the mailroom clerk receives vendorsâ invoices, he or she forwards them to the purchasing department employee who placed the order. The invoice is compared with the electronic copy of the purchase order for price and terms by the employee. The invoice quantity is compared with the receiving departmentâs report. After checking footings, extensions, and discounts on the vendor invoice, the employee indicates approval for payment by initialing the invoice. The invoice is then forwarded to the accounting department (voucher section) where it is coded for account distribution, assigned a voucher number, and entered into the accounting system for recording in the voucher register. The system tracks invoices due by payment date due. The purchase order and receiving report are filed in the purchasing department. On payment dates, the system automatically generates a request for payment. The system automatically prepares checks and a transaction list for preparation of a cash disbursements journal, updates the accounts payable master file, and indicates the payment date for the voucher register. Prenumbered checks are sent to the cashier, who puts them through the check-signing machine. The checks are then sent to the voucher section that makes sure that the checks were correctly prepared. The checks are placed in envelopes and sent to the mailroom. The vouchers are subsequently filed in numerical order. At the end of each month, a computer listing of voucher and cash disbursement transactions, and an outstanding accounts payable list is prepared. The Treasurer reviews monthly reports of acquisitions by vendor to identify key vendors. This is used to determine whether any represent key vendors that should be disclosed, and whether the company faces risk due to overreliance on a few vendors. Required: List the controls in existence for each of the seven transaction-related audit objectives for acquisitions. For each control in part 1, list one test of control procedure for verifying its effectiveness. List the most important deficiencies in the acquisition and payment cycle. You should be able to identify 10 important deficiencies. Identify the most likely error or fraud that could result from each of the deficiencies listed in part 3. Suggest a system alteration for JMC that would correct each of the deficiencies identified in part 3. Be sure to keep cost/benefit in mind. Design an audit program to test internal control. The program should include, but not be limited to, tests of controls from part 3 and procedures to compensate for the deficiencies in part 4. There is a 300 word minimum requirement for this section of your term project. Directions for Word Documents: For Requirements 1 and 2, please set up a three column word document as follows for your first page(s): Requirements 1 and 2 Transaction-Related Audit Objective Controls in Place (Req. 2) Test of Control (Req.3)
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A Note Against Transhumanism GuidesorSubmit my paper for examination transhumanism, against transhumanismBy the principal quarter of the 21st century, mankind’s development has arrived at its top; at any rate this is valid for the human mind, as certain neuroscientists guarantee (io9). This implies the state of our bodies, just as the elements of our organs, and our psychological abilities, will no doubt not change later on. Be that as it may, an enormous gathering of individuals accept mankind can be upgraded by the methods for current innovation; alongside sensible thoughts, there exist radical hypotheses about computerized eternality (transferring one’s cognizance to outer capacity), or supplanting human organic bodies with cloned or mechanical ones. This belief system is called transhumanism, and regardless of its appearing engaging quality, it is a risky thought and an immediate method to social flimsiness and losing altruism. Let us center around the transhumanist thought regarding moving our characteristic bodies to fake ones. Regardless of how advanced the innovation is, it can’t defeat one of the most astonishing components that have ever existed: human feelings. Basically, a feeling is a response of a person’s body to their considerations or activities. One doesn’t feel a feeling in their brainâit is a physical impression of their state of mind. In any case, if the human body is supplanted by a mechanical simple, how might this individual have the option to have sentiments? Feelings fill in as controllers of our conduct. Disgrace, blame, empathy, dread, happinessâthese and numerous different feelings we feel each day; they assist us with recognizing rights from wrongs, they engage our morals, our ethical standards (FAKE 1). Regardless of whether a cloned organic body would be utilized rather than the mechanical one, where are the ensures that nothing would turn out badly? Emotionality is maybe probably the most grounded stay of empathy that we have, and denying it would no doubt lead to unexpected results. Another issue identified with transhumanism is a worldwide move in social procedures. Since transhumanism suggests an individual intentionally experiencing in essence transforms, clearly particular strategies will be accessible just to the individuals who can bear the cost of paying cash for it (as it won’t be modest). Simultaneously, counterfeit upgrades will probably make these new people progressively successful as far as mental and physical abilities; consequently, they may have the option to shape a kind of a higher rank that would treat ordinary “non-expanded” people as second rate creatures (Anselmo). Wrongdoings, separation, human rights encroachment, and other negative results of this fake and uncontrolled advancement are legitimately associated with the past proposal about the loss of feelings, and is by all accounts inescapable. One of the scourges of human development of the 21st century are mental ailments. Huge numbers of us know individuals with Alzheimer’s ailment at 60 or 70 years of age. Neurosis, schizophrenia, a wide range of fanatical impulsive issue, Alzheimer, dementia, and numerous other mental dysfunctions are fairly regular inside a normal life expectancy of 70-80 years. In any case, transhumanists accept the capacity to move psyches to the outer stockpiling would make individuals everlasting. Yet, our psyches are organically modified to work inside a specific time slip by (ScientificBase). It tends to be contrasted with a lapse date, and the additional time goes after it, the more awful the brain’s condition is. Thinking about this, would an undying element have the option to remain completely rational for many years? A psychological ailment isn’t an infection or glitch, so one can’t begin an enemy of viral program to erase it. Henceforth, an a digital psychotherapy would become clinical control number one in the transhumanist future. It is amusing: transhumanists like Ray Kurzweil or Hans Moravec dream of divine capacities, however as opposed to making advanced universes, people in truth would need to battle folly and mental issue. Transhumanism as a philosophy of the counterfeit development of mankind by the methods for innovation can be somewhat alluring. Some transhumanist thoughts could be even applied for mankind. Then again, radical transhumanist thoughtsâmoving the human brain to counterfeit outside transporters, specificallyâare dystopic. Counterfeit or cloned bodies would cause “expanded” individuals various extreme issues; for instance, individuals would lose their capacity to feel feelings, which is one of the key criteria of empathy. Public activity would change radically, as expanded individuals would no doubt treat “basic” individuals as second rate creatures. Be that as it may, in all probability, the brains of such expanded and undying individuals would fall, on the grounds that a human psyche has a naturally modified “termination date.” Therefore, transhumanism and its goals are not really material to humankind. References Wilkins, Alasdair. “Why Our Minds have Probably Evolved the extent that They Can Go.” Io9. N.p., 12 July 2011. Web. 14 Feb. 2014. . Hopkins, June. “Feelings as They May be.” ScientificBase. N.p., 15 Sept. 2012. Web. 14 Feb. 2014. Anselmo, Samuel. “Humanism of the Future.” Transparent Transhumanism. N.p., 12 Aug. 2009. W>
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A Note Against Transhumanism GuidesorSubmit my paper for examination transhumanism, against transhumanismBy the principal quarter of the 21st century, mankind’s development has arrived at its top; at any rate this is valid for the human mind, as certain neuroscientists guarantee (io9). This implies the state of our bodies, just as the elements of our organs, and our psychological abilities, will no doubt not change later on. Be that as it may, an enormous gathering of individuals accept mankind can be upgraded by the methods for current innovation; alongside sensible thoughts, there exist radical hypotheses about computerized eternality (transferring one’s cognizance to outer capacity), or supplanting human organic bodies with cloned or mechanical ones. This belief system is called transhumanism, and regardless of its appearing engaging quality, it is a risky thought and an immediate method to social flimsiness and losing altruism. Let us center around the transhumanist thought regarding moving our characteristic bodies to fake ones. Regardless of how advanced the innovation is, it can’t defeat one of the most astonishing components that have ever existed: human feelings. Basically, a feeling is a response of a person’s body to their considerations or activities. One doesn’t feel a feeling in their brainâit is a physical impression of their state of mind. In any case, if the human body is supplanted by a mechanical simple, how might this individual have the option to have sentiments? Feelings fill in as controllers of our conduct. Disgrace, blame, empathy, dread, happinessâthese and numerous different feelings we feel each day; they assist us with recognizing rights from wrongs, they engage our morals, our ethical standards (FAKE 1). Regardless of whether a cloned organic body would be utilized rather than the mechanical one, where are the ensures that nothing would turn out badly? Emotionality is maybe probably the most grounded stay of empathy that we have, and denying it would no doubt lead to unexpected results. Another issue identified with transhumanism is a worldwide move in social procedures. Since transhumanism suggests an individual intentionally experiencing in essence transforms, clearly particular strategies will be accessible just to the individuals who can bear the cost of paying cash for it (as it won’t be modest). Simultaneously, counterfeit upgrades will probably make these new people progressively successful as far as mental and physical abilities; consequently, they may have the option to shape a kind of a higher rank that would treat ordinary “non-expanded” people as second rate creatures (Anselmo). Wrongdoings, separation, human rights encroachment, and other negative results of this fake and uncontrolled advancement are legitimately associated with the past proposal about the loss of feelings, and is by all accounts inescapable. One of the scourges of human development of the 21st century are mental ailments. Huge numbers of us know individuals with Alzheimer’s ailment at 60 or 70 years of age. Neurosis, schizophrenia, a wide range of fanatical impulsive issue, Alzheimer, dementia, and numerous other mental dysfunctions are fairly regular inside a normal life expectancy of 70-80 years. In any case, transhumanists accept the capacity to move psyches to the outer stockpiling would make individuals everlasting. Yet, our psyches are organically modified to work inside a specific time slip by (ScientificBase). It tends to be contrasted with a lapse date, and the additional time goes after it, the more awful the brain’s condition is. Thinking about this, would an undying element have the option to remain completely rational for many years? A psychological ailment isn’t an infection or glitch, so one can’t begin an enemy of viral program to erase it. Henceforth, an a digital psychotherapy would become clinical control number one in the transhumanist future. It is amusing: transhumanists like Ray Kurzweil or Hans Moravec dream of divine capacities, however as opposed to making advanced universes, people in truth would need to battle folly and mental issue. Transhumanism as a philosophy of the counterfeit development of mankind by the methods for innovation can be somewhat alluring. Some transhumanist thoughts could be even applied for mankind. Then again, radical transhumanist thoughtsâmoving the human brain to counterfeit outside transporters, specificallyâare dystopic. Counterfeit or cloned bodies would cause “expanded” individuals various extreme issues; for instance, individuals would lose their capacity to feel feelings, which is one of the key criteria of empathy. Public activity would change radically, as expanded individuals would no doubt treat “basic” individuals as second rate creatures. Be that as it may, in all probability, the brains of such expanded and undying individuals would fall, on the grounds that a human psyche has a naturally modified “termination date.” Therefore, transhumanism and its goals are not really material to humankind. References Wilkins, Alasdair. “Why Our Minds have Probably Evolved the extent that They Can Go.” Io9. N.p., 12 July 2011. Web. 14 Feb. 2014. . Hopkins, June. “Feelings as They May be.” ScientificBase. N.p., 15 Sept. 2012. Web. 14 Feb. 2014. Anselmo, Samuel. “Humanism of the Future.” Transparent Transhumanism. N.p., 12 Aug. 2009. W>
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