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Introduction

Obesity is currently a global epidemic that is increasingly occurring in people of all age groups, including young children. Prevalence
of obesity is influenced by biological factors that have an impact on weight gain and body weight such as genetic makeup, thermogenic effects, physical activity, diet, and demographic
variations of a population. According to Ledikwe, Ello-Martin, and Rolls, (2005), the increased obesity rates have
corresponded with the rise in the consumption of food portion size that has high energy density and above all the
increased consumption of foods eaten away from home. Regular physical activity
has been shown to significantly contribute to the reduced incidence of a number of chronic conditions and can help
prevent and curb the obesity epidemic (NHS Digital, 2017). Obesity is саusеd by еаting tоо much and moving tоо little, so the best ways to lose weight is to
simply еаt fewer саlоriеs and do more рhysiсаl ехеrсisе.

Eating Fewer Calories

Overeating involves an increased consumption of foods
with high levels of calories and fats and this contributes to the excessive
daily caloric and fat intake. In European countries, low household incomes
result in the increased purchase of foods
with higher energy content, sugars and fats and less consumption of low energy
foods such as fresh fruits and vegetables (Lobstein and Leach, 2007). These
fat-laden and high caloric foods are very cheap and are easy to get in large
portions. The rising prevalence of obesity and overweight globally and across
all age groups is mostly caused by the consumption of foods purchased away from
home and processed foods which are cheap and contain high portions of fats and
calories (Lobstein & Leach, 2007). Overweight people should try all means
to stay in the lower range of their
weight range by eating very healthy diets and exercising because they tend to
be biologically engineered to gain weight (Araniel, 2012). Some people can’t
help to eat and the best only alternative they have to lose weight is to ensure
they eat fewer calories. Based on numerous laboratory-based studies, excess
portions of food with high energy density contribute to surplus energy intakes
and this contributes to weight gain (Ledikwe et al., 2005). An effective way of
reducing the energy density of foods and still retain the food volume and
weight to ensure people eat satisfying portions and at the same time reduce
their energy intake levels is to reduce the energy density of foods (Ledikwe et
al., 2005). According to Araniel, (2012), most obese people tend to always feel
hungry more than others, eat about three times the amount of calories
recommended for a healthy diet in a single meal, and gain weight faster. The
best way for these individuals to lose weight is by reducing their intake of
calories.

More Physical Exercise

Obesity is partly caused by lack of sufficient
exercise and therefore adopting a weekly or daily exercise routine significantly
helps reduce the incidence of various chronic conditions. In the UK, obesity
prevalence increased from 15% in 1993 to
26% in 2014 with 65% of the women and 58% of the women being obese or
overweight in 2014 (NHS Digital, 2017). The greater proportion of the UK
population doesn’t engage in sufficient exercise. In 2014, a UK based survey
observed that only 36% of the adults above 16 years of age actively
participated in a sport at least once a week whereas 57% did not actively
participate in any sport prior to the study (NHS Digital, 2017). In the US, physical activities
levels have radically declined in recent history with less than half of the
adult population engaging in the levels of physical activity required to
sustain a healthy lifestyle (Wright and Aronne, 2012). People are increasingly
living a sedentary lifestyle that is characterised
by excessive hours of playing video games, surfing the internet, and television
watching. This sedentary lifestyle causes people to have very low levels of
energy expenditure and therefore all the excessive energy and fats that are
consumed are stored in the body inform of body fat causing an increase in body
weight. Physical exercise helps the human body to spend more energy by burning
excessive calories and it also an effective way of burning body fat. Excessive
intake of calories and fats contributes to the increasing prevalence of obesity
across the board. Obesity is a chronic disease and just like the other chronic
conditions, it can be significantly prevented and curbed with regular physical
exercise.

Conclusion

Obesity is саusеd by excessive eating and little or no
physical exercise; therefore, the best ways to lose weight is to simply еаt
fewer саlоriеs and do more рhysiсаl ехеrсisе. Excessive eating is characterised by the consumption of foods that
have high percentages of calories and fats. These excess fats and calories are
the primary cause of body weight. To prevent and lose body weight, individuals
should strictly observe a healthy and
balanced diet that has the recommended levels of calories and fats. Regular
exercise is an effective way of utilising
excessive calories and fat that the body does not need and are usually
converted to body fat and stored in the tissue if not burnt by the body to
produce energy. Regular exercise, therefore,
helps to prevent and curb weight gain by utilising
the excessive energy and burning fats.

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