turning it into a’ Dark ‘phase. Some people regard medieval society as a barbaric, war-torn one ruled by illiterate peasants. This perspective however is considered to be biased, because this period is described as ‘Dark’ out of the lack of written records and legible evidence to support the notion that there was any advancement in society during the period 500 to 1400; before the start of the enlightenment of the Byzantine empire described by many scholars as the Golden Age of Islam although, a readjustment period was witnessed after the fall of Rome but was merely concerned with maintaining peace and empire building rather than promoting research and learning centers. Nonetheless, western Europe began slowly to rise up from the constant internal warring in the period between 1000 to 1300 and expand with trading despite the wars with the Muslims who translated Ancient Greek texts into Arabic and consequently many scholars journeyed to Spain to translate these volumes into Latin after mastering the Arabic language strangely these reformations known as the first Renaissance of the Middle Ages was ceased by the ‘ Black Death’ caused by the plague which killed over a third of the European population and led to the suspension of the scientific development and set back the progress of knowledge that didn’t resurface until the Renaissance.( Martyn Shuttleworth / explorable.com/middle-ages science) Modern people’s interest in the middle ages and the great concern in its reality is influenced by J.R.R. Tolkien’s Lord of the Rings and his depiction of the middle earth. Elisa Scubla claims in CA. that many academics suggest that Tolkien was trying to bridge the missing gap left by early Medieval literatures while explaining the reason behind the loss of information. Jane Ciabattari wrote in BBC.com/culture that contemporary fantasy writers can’t escape from Tolkien’s shadow, she argues that the fundamentals in The two series are similar. In each s>