Question
BUS 100: Introduction to Business Exam #3

Chapters 10, 11, 12

This test is 50 multiple choice questions worth two points each for an exam total of 100 points. You are to turn this in at the beginning of class. Make sure all answers are entered onto SCANTRON 882-E for grading. Good luck!

1. The personal satisfaction people feel when they have done a job well is a(n) __________ reward.

a) cognitive

b) extrinsic

c) physiological

d) intrinsic

2. Rewards that come from someone else in recognition of good work are _________ rewards.

a) conditional

b) self-actualized

c) extrinsic

d) secondary

3. Maureen’s supervisor was so impressed by her work that he named her the employee of the month. This praise from her supervisor is an example of a(n) _________ reward.

a) extrinsic

b) intrinsic

c) secondary

d) extraneous

4. The Hawthorne studies concluded that worker motivation:

a) increased when managers applied the scientific management approach.

b) was most affected by monetary incentives.

c) improved when employees felt like their ideas were respected.

d) was mainly determined by physical working conditions such as lighting, temperature, and humidity.

5. The most important impact of the Hawthorne studies was that it:

a) helped managers find the level of lighting associated with optimum productivity.

b) showed that employees could be programmed like machines to perform simple repetitive tasks, and thus led to the development of assembly lines.

c) changed the direction of research away from Taylor’s scientific management toward the study of human-based management.

d) showed that physical working conditions have no impact on worker productivity.

6. The concept that a hierarchy of human needs could be used to explain motivation was developed by:

a) Abraham Maslow.

b) Frederick Taylor.

c) Douglas McGregor.

d) Frederick Herzberg.

7. Jackie had been very pleased with her part-time job at a local convenience store until a recent incident occurred. During Jackie’s shift, the store was burglarized. Although no one was hurt, Jackie now feels uneasy and fearful during her late night shift. She is so nervous and worried that she is having a hard time concentrating on her work and is thinking about quitting. Management needs to be aware of Jackie’s unmet _______ needs.

a) esteem

b) self-actualization

c) physiological

d) safety

8. Melody has worked as a secretary at Consolidated Freight Handling for ten years. Although she earns a good salary and has made friends at work, she has been passed-over for promotion twice and feels that no one appreciates her abilities and skills. Melody is concerned with satisfying her:

a) physiological needs.

b) social needs.

c) safety needs.

d) esteem needs.

9. Jacob recently returned from a tour of duty in Iraq, where he served with the U.S. Army’s 1st Infantry Division. Sitting at the kitchen table in his parent’s home, he listens to his mom spend several hours making plans for a Caribbean cruise with her a new group of friends. He hears about his sister’s recent promotion at work, and about his Dad winning the “Innovator of the Year” award at his company. He reflects back on the lives of the people he has just left – their nightly fears of mortar attacks; their need to boil the drinking water on a daily basis, and, the children that flocked around him begging for something to eat. As he tries to concentrate on his business management text, he recognizes strong correlations between Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory and his present and past environment. He concludes:

a) His mom is motivated to satisfy her social needs; his sister is probably working toward her self-actualization needs, and the Iraqi citizens have a strong desire to develop their self-esteem needs.

b) His mom is motivated to satisfy her self-esteem needs; his sister is probably working on her social needs, and, the Iraqi citizens have a strong desire to develop their physiological and their safety needs.

c) His mom is motivated to satisfy her social needs; his dad and sister are working on self-actualization needs, and the Iraqi citizens have a strong desire to develop their physiological needs and safety needs.

d) His mom is motivated to satisfy her self-actualization needs; his dad and sister are probably working on their self-esteem needs, and the Iraqi citizens have satisfied their physiological needs, but definitely have safety issues to satisfy.

10. Herzberg found that good pay:

a) was the strongest motivator.

b) was a significant motivator, but not as important as job security.

c) was a hygiene factor rather than a motivator.

d) had no effect on worker attitudes.

11. ________ used the terms Theory X and Theory Y to describe different attitudes managers have about employees.

a) Robert Colby

b) Elton Mayo

c) Douglas McGregor

d) Victor Vroom

12. Theory Y managers prefer:

a) to closely supervise their employees.

b) micro-management and a strong degree of control over subordinates.

c) empowerment and letting employees design solutions.

d) limited authority, but a significant amount of responsibility given to employees.

13. In analyzing the differences among Theories X, Y, and Z managers, it is appropriate to assess that:

a) Theory Z managers believe that employees prefer to be directed.

b) Theory Z managers understand that workers prefer to work by themselves, and will do their best work individually as opposed to with a team of others.

c) Theory Z managers believe that getting employees more involved in work-related decisions will generally increase productivity.

d) Theory Z managers believe that decision making is not part of an employee’s responsibilities.

14. The purpose of management by objectives is to:

a) enable top management to set goals for the entire organization.

b) simplify the jobs of middle management by providing them with predetermined goals and objectives.

c) help employees motivate themselves with a goal-setting model that involves, discussion, review, and evaluation by management and employees.

d) allow employees to set their own goals without consulting with management.

15. Reprimands, pay reductions, and suspensions are all examples of:

a) hygiene factors.

b) equity adjustments.

c) shock therapy tactics.

d) negative reinforcement.

16. _____________ is the process of evaluating human resource needs and then recruiting, selecting, developing, motivating, evaluating, compensating, and scheduling employees to achieve organizational goals.

a) Staffing

b) Performance evaluation and response

c) Human resource management

d) Job analysis

17. __________ workers have a higher skill level than their current job requires.

a) Structurally unemployed

b) Frictionally unemployed

c) Contingent

d) Underemployed

18. Frank Lehman is a human resource manager at a major corporation. If Frank’s company is like most firms today, which of the following statements about Frank’s job is likely to be the most accurate?

a) Most of Frank’s time will be devoted to clerical duties such as processing payroll checks and keeping employee files updated.

b) Frank’s job will be simpler in the future than it was in the past, because the percentage of new workers entering the labor force who are poorly educated and unprepared for work is slowly but steadily declining.

c) Government laws and regulations concerning hiring, worker safety, pay, and unionization will make Frank’s work complex and challenging.

d) Frank and his fellow human resource managers will be given complete responsibility for performing all human resource functions within the organization.

19. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964:

a) gives all citizens over the age of 18 the right to vote regardless of race, religion, sex, or creed.

b) prohibits firms from using employment testing as a means of selecting employees and determining which employees should be promoted.

c) requires all firms with over 100 employees to have an affirmative action plan.

d) prohibits discrimination based on race, religion, sex, creed, or national origin in matters such as hiring, firing, training, and compensation.

20. The Civil Rights Act of 1991:

a) declared affirmative action plans unconstitutional.

b) requires any firm with over 600 employees to file an annual report with the Department of Labor identifying the steps it has taken to eliminate discriminatory practices.

c) allows victims of discrimination to seek punitive damages.

d) is the first law to declare reverse discrimination illegal.

21. The Family and Medical Leave Act:

a) provides paid leave for women who choose to stay home with newborn infants.

b) provides unpaid leave of up to 12 weeks for males or females for the birth or adoption of infants, or in the case where it is necessary to care for an immediate family member who may be ill.

c) provides unpaid leave of up to 6 weeks for couples (male or female) who have a new baby.

d) was recently eliminated by the Supreme Court due to an employment shortage.

22. According to U.S. business law, accommodation means:

a) treating all employees fairly.

b) making certain that if one employee gets medical leave during a fiscal year, that all other employees get an equal amount of leave during the year.

c) careful consideration before firing someone and hiring two younger persons to replace him/her.

d) providing services for employees according to their special needs.

23. Ben, a 44-year middle manager at a well-known advertising firm, just lost his job. The company downsized due to a significant loss of clients during the last recession. Although Ben’s work was considered exemplary in many ways, and his staff had won awards with their creative work, the company decided to let Ben go instead of another middle manager who was also a minority. In a business setting, we call this occurrence __________________.

a) reverse discrimination

b) forward discrimination

c) affirmative action

d) affirmative control

24. Minnie A. Dent is completing her thirtieth year as a bus driver. Her company recently told her that she would be required to retire within the next two years because she had reached the age limit for mandatory retirement. Minnie wants to fight this ruling based on a claim of age discrimination. Which of the following statements about this case is most accurate: According to the:

a) Employment Rights and Responsibilities Act, Minnie has every right to keep her job as long as she has not been convicted of a moving traffic violation while performing her job.

b) Affirmative Action Enforcement Act, Minnie has no right to keep her job, because she is not one of the groups that qualify for special protection.

c) Fair Labor Standards Act, Minnie may be able to keep her job, but the company can require her to pass an annual vision and hearing exam as a condition of continued employment.

d) Age Discrimination in Employment Act, Minnie can be required to retire at a certain age, because she is in an occupation where evidence exists that ability to perform the job diminishes significantly with age.

25. The first step in the human resources planning process is to:

a) prepare a forecast of human resource needs.

b) assess future labor demand.

c) prepare job specifications for each position within the organization.

d) prepare a human resource inventory.

26. A __________ is a two-part process. One part explains what an employee would actually do at various jobs.

a) job analysis

b) performance appraisal

c) job assessment

d) job title review

27. Which of the following is an essential element of a job description?

a) the minimum educational qualifications workers must have to fill the position

b) working conditions and responsibilities

c) the skills required to hold the position

d) the age of the person that should hold the job

28. CareerBuilder and the Monster are examples of:

a) web browsers.

b) career interest surveys.

c) Internet services firms can use to recruit employees.

d) magazines that list job opportunities by skill requirements and geographic location.

29. It is sometimes advantageous to hire from within because it _________.

a) eliminates the need to meet affirmative action regulations

b) ensures that the best qualified person gets the job

c) is less costly, and helps maintain employee morale

d) allows the firm to effectively use the “employment at will” strategy

30. Danielle relies on summer earnings to fund her next year at the university. When she tried to get her old high school summer job back at local Cool Rags Clothier, she learned that the manager no longer hires college students during the summer months. Which of the following strategies do you recommend that Danielle pursue?

a) Contact temporary staffing companies.

b) Realize that Cool Rags always needs more sales associates in the summer, and stay in contact with the management just in case.

c) Look for a permanent position, and quit as it gets closer to the time when you will return to the university.

d) Seek the services of a resume consultant, and pay to access a variety of employment tests so that you are prepared when the next job opportunity arises.

31. When Zoe began her Ph.D. program at Vanderbilt University, she was immediately assigned to a female ________ who would serve as a coach and guide to shorten the learning curve and help Zoe meet the right people who could enhance her career. Her program also required __________, where she would spend four to six weeks in different labs, gaining experience and exposure to a variety of research in her field of study.

a) mentor; off-the-job training

b) journeyman; network

c) understudy; vestibule training

d) mentor; job rotation

32. Backstreet Books, an eclectic bookstore on a large college campus is owned by a large bookstore chain. Corporate HR knows that sexual harassment in the workplace is a serious issue. In order to provide consistency in its effort to train employees about sexual harassment, HR management created ____________. Employees have a flexible time period when they can log-on and receive exactly the same training as employees in all of the company owned and managed bookstores.

a) online training

b) off-the-job training

c) vestibule training

d) simulation training

33. Bob says he has achieved his “dream job”. As an engineer for a major defense systems company, he is responsible for using sophisticated airplane and weaponry equipment that creates the exact conditions that a professional may experience if he/she uses the equipment in a real-life situation. He spends several hours each day performing ___________.

a) vestibule training exercises

b) apprenticeship training exercises

c) distance learning training exercises

d) simulation training exercises

34. Human resource managers at Tri Max, Inc. want to encourage teamwork and are looking for a better way to compensate members of teams. One approach they are considering is a skill-based system. Which of the following statements about this type of pay system is most accurate?

a) Skill-based systems are unlikely to work with teams because they are designed to encourage individual initiative rather than teamwork.

b) A skill-based system is a very effective way to pay teams because this approach makes it easy to correlate skill acquisition with the bottom-line gains of the company.

c) A skill-based pay system works well in many cases, but employees tend to resist this approach since it affects only bonuses, which are not guaranteed, rather than base pay.

d) Team members have base salaries, but they are additionally compensated according to the number of new skills they acquire as a team.

35. While talking with a group of family and friends, Jeanne mentions that she was offered an impressive golden handshake by her employer. Which of the following statements is she most likely to make next?

a) “That will teach those guys to discriminate against me.”

b) “It’s great to work for a company that encourages employees to further their education.”

c) “I’ve already looked into using some of the money to go on a trip to Europe when I retire.”

d) “Of course, I would have really preferred to receive money, but just knowing that top executives will take the time to recognize my accomplishments, makes me feel better about my work.”

36. Dan works for ElekTek, a firm producing sophisticated electronic equipment used in state-of-the-art security systems. Dan is happy to see that the value of ElekTek’s stock has reached $47 per share, because certain employees (including Dan) have the opportunity to buy a given number of shares of its stock for $30 per share for the next year regardless of how high the market price goes. ElekTek is offering some employees a:

a) stock annuity plan.

b) stock reinvestment plan.

c) stock dividend.

d) stock option plan.

37. Janey worked in the student bookstore of a community college. The store was quite large and offered a variety of food items and paraphernalia besides books and school supplies. Although she liked the retail atmosphere, there was little opportunity for advancement because the three persons in management positions were doing well in their jobs and not planning to retire very soon. When the College opened a new branch, Janey seized the opportunity to be reassigned to the new location and manage the smaller operation. Her change was not a promotion, it was considered a(n) _________, however, it served to improve her morale because she was performing more tasks and had greater responsibility than at the previous bookstore.

a) advancement

b) vertical move

c) forward shift

d) lateral transfer

38. The union movement in the United States was an outgrowth of the economic transition caused by the:

a) Revolutionary War.

b) Great Depression.

c) Industrial Revolution.

d) passage of antitrust legislation by the federal government.

39. __________ are workplaces with undesirable, and often unsafe and oppressive working conditions.

a) Treadmills

b) Flopshops

c) Steamshops

d) Sweatshops

40. The Industrial Revolution was characterized by a(n):

a) increased emphasis on production, resulting in longer hours and less job security for most workers.

b) migration of manufacturing jobs from the Midwest and Northeast to the South as firms began locating in areas where labor costs were lower.

c) rapid improvement in the wages and working conditions of most workers, resulting in a decline in the need for labor unions.

d) movement away from scientific management, and a greater acceptance of the ideas of Herzberg and Maslow.

41. The _________ Act established the National Labor Relations Board.

a) Wagner

b) Taft-Hartley

c) Norris-LaGuardia

d) Fair Labor Standards

42. The primary purpose of collective bargaining is to:

a) ensure worker participation in setting the goals and objectives of the company.

b) establish and communicate clear guidelines for performance appraisals.

c) limit the authority of management to set job categories and direct worker activities.

d) negotiate a labor-management agreement that both the union and management are willing to accept.

43. ___________ is the use of a third party to encourage labor and management to continue negotiating in an effort to settle a labor dispute or achieve a mutually acceptable labor-management agreement.

a) Arbitration

b) Mediation

c) Reconciliation

d) Intercession

44. Anna believes that her manager violated the terms of the negotiated labor-management agreement when he required her to report to work on a holiday. She has discussed her concerns with her shop steward and he agrees with her. It is likely the steward will encourage Anna to:

a) start looking for another job in a right-to-work state.

b) contact the local chapter of the ACLU.

c) send a letter of protest to the president of the union.

d) pursue a grievance over the interpretation of the labor contract.

45. If management and union officials cannot resolve a grievance, a(n) _________ is asked to listen to the arguments of each side and to make a decision that both sides will have to comply with.

a) confirmer

b) counselor

c) arbitrator

d) mediator

46. When union members who have a dispute with a company walk around outside the firm’s place of business carrying signs and talking to the media and public about their concerns, they are using a tactic known as:

a) boycotting.

b) estopment.

c) striking.

d) picketing.

47. Under the provisions of the Taft-Hartley Act, the president can ask for a(n) ___________ to prevent a strike in a critical industry.

a) arbitrator

b) cooling-off period

c) open shop agreement

d) temporary take over by the federal government

48. _____________ is the demand for equal pay for jobs requiring similar levels of education, training, and skill.

a) Affirmative action

b) Compensation by objectives

c) Equal opportunity pay

d) Comparable worth

49. At Hottie Potatee, the famous potato bar chain, the CEO, CFO, and COO are each paid a salary and stock options. As with other large, publicly traded companies, the strategy behind structuring executive compensation packages in this way is:

a) Stock options are paid out of after tax earnings. The company has already paid taxes on these earnings.

b) The practice keeps executives from earning more than 20 times the pay of the average company employee.

c) It conveniently eliminates golden parachutes and other incentives.

d) It becomes an incentive because when profits go up, stock prices usually go up.

50. Tom Dash works as a researcher studying the effects of alcohol and drug abuse at a large research university on the east coast. The alcohol center’s mission statement reads, “Our mission is to conduct, coordinate, and promote basic and clinical research on the causes, prevention, and treatment of alcoholism and alcoholic disease.” Looking forward, which of the following statements are you likely to agree with?

a) Tom’s work, although impressive will not have any short-term or long-term effect on the cost of labor in the U.S.

b) The U.S. has seen significant declines in alcohol and drug related issues in the work place. Tom would better serve the business world by working on AIDS related diseases.

c) Illegal drug use is more of a problem than alcohol in terms of the number of work-related accidents that these problems cause. Tom should know, though that the baby boomers are the major drug users, and they are retiring.

d) Tom Dash’s work is greatly needed by business and industry. Alcohol and drug use continue to be on the rise and present serious work related costs to businesses across almost all industries.