In the United States, self-defense is an affirmative defense to murder. For this defense, the individual must use reasonable force against another when they believe the other person is threatening them with imminent and unlawful harm. One context in which a claim of self-defense is often raised is that of a woman who kills her spouse because she says it is the only way that she could protect herself against ongoing battery or other abuse. Some women who have been subjected to IPV may kill by dramatic means, like the example of Francine Hughes mentioned earlier in the lesson.
Read about a Battered Woman Case Study
- Should the justice system charge victims who kill their abusers? Why or why not?
- Do you think that BWS should be considered an affirmative defense to murder, similar to self-defense? Why or why not?
- If BWS became an affirmative defense for female victims, should it also be considered a defense for men who are victims of abuse? Why or why not?
Sample Solution
sometimes unstable. As a result, macroeconomists were unconvinced about Keynesianism, eventually steering to the end of the impact of Keynesian theories in economic strategies. Monetarist economists, such as Edmund Phelps and Milton Friedman clarified a shift in the Phillips curve: they maintained that when companies and workers anticipated high inflation, there was a shifting up of the Phillips curve, suggesting that high inflation can occur at any rate of unemployment (Khan Academy, 2017). Unambiguously, they argued that if inflation remained high for many years, workers and companies would begin emphasizing its consequences during wage negotiations, causing in a quick increase of earnings and firmsâ prices, which further quickened inflation. This enlightenment was an extreme case of criticism of Keynesianism, and Keynesians progressively agreed the explanation. This reduced Keynesianism spread and influence on economic policies. To conclude, it is evident that the spread and impact of Keynesianism was largely accelerated by the unmatched economic success and constancy in the post-war period from 1945 until 1973. The basis of Keynesianism was government intervention using active monetary and fiscal actions to normalize aggregate volatility in market economies. Its collapse could have accredited to the 1970s stagflation depicted by an instantaneous increase in both unemployment and inflation rates. Critics maintain that stagflation was an unavoidable heritage of demand management policies associated with Keynesian economy. The critical fall of Keynesianism was noticed by the end of the neoclassical synthesis conventional position because of empirical and theoretical weaknesses. The fall of Keynesianism was also triggered by the fact that many economists of that time did not take into account the probability of stagflation.>
sometimes unstable. As a result, macroeconomists were unconvinced about Keynesianism, eventually steering to the end of the impact of Keynesian theories in economic strategies. Monetarist economists, such as Edmund Phelps and Milton Friedman clarified a shift in the Phillips curve: they maintained that when companies and workers anticipated high inflation, there was a shifting up of the Phillips curve, suggesting that high inflation can occur at any rate of unemployment (Khan Academy, 2017). Unambiguously, they argued that if inflation remained high for many years, workers and companies would begin emphasizing its consequences during wage negotiations, causing in a quick increase of earnings and firmsâ prices, which further quickened inflation. This enlightenment was an extreme case of criticism of Keynesianism, and Keynesians progressively agreed the explanation. This reduced Keynesianism spread and influence on economic policies. To conclude, it is evident that the spread and impact of Keynesianism was largely accelerated by the unmatched economic success and constancy in the post-war period from 1945 until 1973. The basis of Keynesianism was government intervention using active monetary and fiscal actions to normalize aggregate volatility in market economies. Its collapse could have accredited to the 1970s stagflation depicted by an instantaneous increase in both unemployment and inflation rates. Critics maintain that stagflation was an unavoidable heritage of demand management policies associated with Keynesian economy. The critical fall of Keynesianism was noticed by the end of the neoclassical synthesis conventional position because of empirical and theoretical weaknesses. The fall of Keynesianism was also triggered by the fact that many economists of that time did not take into account the probability of stagflation.>
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