1. Discuss the transatlantic slave trade, how it operated and its consequences on the African continent.

2. Explain the ways in which the colonial period affected the political, economic, and social landscapes of Africa.

3. In the place of legal-rational institutionalization, what strategies have African leaders used to maintain and extend their power? What are the consequences of these strategies?

4. Compare the state building experiences seen in Botswana and Somalia. Discuss at least three contrasts that help explain Botswana’s success and Somalia’s failure.

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